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The rise of Chinese AI chatbot DeepSeek
has taken the world by storm.
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But it’s part of a wider trend:
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Chinese apps are rising up
the charts around the world.
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TikTok, CapCut, Shien, Temu – to name a few.
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And it's not just on our phones.
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China is becoming dominant
in many other areas of tech.
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Look at cars.
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It's overtaken the previous
epicenters of motoring,
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selling more than any other country
thanks to hit electric car makers like BYD.
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A lot of the success comes from China
being the world’s biggest battery maker now too.
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And solar panels.
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China is responsible for an estimated
80‑95% of the global supply chain.
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By 2028 it’s predicted that 60% of the world’s
renewable energy will be generated in China.
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In drones too China rules the skies.
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Next time you hear that buzzing
above your head, there's a 70% chance
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it's a DJI drone made in the city of Shenzhen.
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Three of the world's top
ten drone makers are Chinese.
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In the futuristic world of quantum computers,
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Chinese scientists publish more
quantum-related research papers
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annually than any other country.
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And they're even ahead
of the general leaders, the US,
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in some areas of quantum
computing development.
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And it's the same picture in AI.
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Chinese AI firms now issue
more patents than any other country.
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And the rise of DeepSeek
shows it's capable of challenging
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the dominant US giants with products too.
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So how has China done all this?
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Well, it's all part of a long term plan.
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in 2015, the Chinese government
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set out an ambitious project
called Made in China 2025.
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It wanted to move away from being
the world's factory for low cost goods,
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to a global tech leader responsible for
its own supply chain of cutting edge tech.
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Made in China 2025 in my opinion
was largely very successful.
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So in many industries China
is catching up with the leading edge,
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and in some industries China is even leading.
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Ev Cars, 5G, Batteries, Solar Energies.
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Now, even in the AI, Gen AI,
China has become one of the players.
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Across ten target technologies
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the plan set out more than 250 mini goals.
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And according to analysis
from South China Morning Post,
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86% of them have been ticked off.
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Some targets, like electric vehicles
and renewable energy production,
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have far exceeded the targets.
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South China Morning Post
is sometimes accused of being pro-China,
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but Made in China 2025 has been hailed
a success by many other analysts too.
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So how has China done it?
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What China has been moderately successful,
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and some would say incredibly successful at doing,
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is using it’s sort of state backed capitalism system,
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where by the governmnet really sets
a research agenda, sets a funding agenda.
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Bringing foreign researchers
and enticing them to stay in China,
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or at least to give their innovations
and ideas over to Chinese companies.
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Requiring businesses
from outside of China
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oftentimes to set up joint ventures
with Chinese ventures.
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These are all sort of tools that China
has used to help achieve these ambitions.
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According to US Congress research,
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the Chinese government planned to raise
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or spend US$ 1.5 trillion on grants
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for research, development
or buying foreign companies.
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According to the report, more than
US$ 627 billion had been spent by 2020.
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Research centers sprung up in city hubs
centered around various technologies.
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Also, the US and its allies have accused China
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of shortcutting some of its tech innovation
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by stealing intellectual property through hacking.
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For example, US aircraft makers.
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China has always denied this.
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Made in China 2025 got so successful
that after just a few years
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the government stopped using the term,
as it was antagonizing rivals.
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But it was too late.
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Over the years, the West have imposed
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restrictions and sanctions on China
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regarding sensitive technologies.
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This huge external threat
has wakened up the Chinese
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and kind of forced them
to pursue a self-sufficiency strategy
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in this advanced technology.
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There's an old saying in China:
“Life always finds its own way out”.
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Huawei is a great example of this.
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In around 2019 it was
top of the world in 5G equipment.
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It had a huge market
share in mobile phones too.
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All of that took a major hit, though, when the US
led widespread sanctions against the company,
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citing national security concerns around spying.
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Huawei's market share shrank
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and it couldn't get the microchips
it needed to keep innovating.
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But it pivoted into microchip manufacturing
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and is now a major player in that too.
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In 2023, it released a phone with a microchip
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far beyond what the rest of the world
thought was possible for the company
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or the country.
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A similar situation happened
with the viral new chatbot DeepSeek.
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The firm says it couldn't get the most
powerful chips to train its models,
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so it says it made do with older ones
and innovated new techniques.
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They built the impressive bot
so far less money with far less kit.
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For the US it came as a shock.
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DeepSeek, AI from a Chinese company
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should be a wake up call for our industries
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that we need to be laser-focused
and competing to win.
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TikTok too has taken the West by surprise.
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It's the first non-US social network
to succeed in the last ten years.
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Its enormous success is under
the spotlight, though, and under threat
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from potential intervention by the US
on national security grounds.
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But Shein and Teemu are proving
worthy challengers in e-commerce now too.,
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thanks to combining China's cheap goods
with innovative app technology.
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But China hasn't succeeded in all its 2025 goals.
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It's still years behind other countries
in chipmaking,
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with progress set to get even worse
thanks to more sanctions and controls.
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Plus, the US government
and private firms are throwing
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hundreds of billions of dollars
into staying ahead in chip tech.
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This increased research and development
funding is going to ensure
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the United States leads the world
in the industries of the future.
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And in January, the US celebrated
a commitment from tech giants
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to invest a potential US$ 500 billion
into infrastructure for AI.
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And it's all taking place
right here in America.
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Other industrialised countries
like Germany and Japan
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have also launched counter plans too.
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But there’s no doubt a new high tech leader has emerged
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with big ambitions,
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deep pockets
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and plenty of patience.