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on february the 11th 2013 pope benedict
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xvi made a stunning break with the past
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becoming the first leader of the roman
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catholic church in nearly 600 years to
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benedict the 16th decision set in motion
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an ancient electoral process that
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unfolded before the global media of the
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21st century
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i was shocked my brain stopped working
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and my legs began to tremble all i knew
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was that this was a time bomb that was
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about to go off in my hands
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i heard the holy father speaking in
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i thought to myself
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i must have forgotten my latin as i
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couldn't see the relationship between
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the canadization ceremony
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and the words of the holy father
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it was the pope in person who was
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speaking in front of the united body of
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cardinals to renounce and this was
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totally valid
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as it was spoken in the language of the
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and he specified that he had made this
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decision after examining his conscience
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so the resignation was effective
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the news sent shock waves around the
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at that time i was in the furthest
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diocese to the east of cuba when i heard
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the telephone ring
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it was a cuban student priest who was in
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who was calling me to tell me that the
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holy father had resigned
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speculation began immediately as to why
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he was stepping down
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some said that it was due to his feeble
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health and exhausting travel schedule
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his last journey was to cuba
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he did seem a little tired when he
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arrived in santiago on his way from
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mexico but when he reached havana he
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didn't seem so tired
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he was rather
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the last year of benedict's papacy had
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been marked by several scandals which
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seemed to drain his energy
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he ordered three prominent cardinals to
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draw up a secret report on the
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corruption in the vatican which he
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decided he would hand over personally to
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his successor
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jen luigi nutzi is a journalist who
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published documents leaked from inside
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sparking the vati leaks scandal
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they are such huge decisions that they
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are never the result of a single hand or
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event that's unthinkable
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this was the first time a pope had
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resigned since gregory xii stood down in
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1415 to end a rift between opposing
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some speculated pope benedict had taken
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inspiration from the early retirement of
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he was a monk before being elected pope
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and returned to being one five months
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i was surprised but not shocked
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because i i had noted that he had said
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both in an interview i think with a
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german man who wrote that book out of
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this world he mentioned that they will
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cover the pope will resign for health
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reasons or other reasons and
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he did blame flowers on the grave of
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pope celestine the fifth who was the
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last pope to resign
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like celestine pope benedict wanted to
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retire to a place of quiet meditation
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away from the media frenzy
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the roman cordia identified this convent
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mata ecclesiae within the vatican wars
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it is the tiny state's only farm
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probably wisely he chose to live in the
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vatican he'd be protected if he went
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back to bavaria or i think he
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it could easily be a place of pilgrimage
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you know and and i think that would be
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unhelpful so i think he'll be protected
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in the vatican he'll live a quiet life
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which he wants to do
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benedict made four more public
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as his last day as pope approached
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roman catholics showered him with
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he denounces the egoism and
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individualism in the church and he did
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that right after resigning and why did
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because he was asking the cardinals to
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overcome their own individualism to find
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unity under a new pope
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on february of the 28th pope benedict
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xvi left the vatican by helicopter for
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the country residents at castelgandolfo
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these rare images show the apartment
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where he awaited his discreet return to
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in rome the papal apartments were locked
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and the throne of peter declared vacant
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there's a sense you know of
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incompleteness when you're without a
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pope because they can't be without peter
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for very long
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eight years had passed since the death
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of pope john paul ii
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we still kind of lived in the aura
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of pope john paul ii his
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the long process of his his dying and
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with no pope to mourn catholic protocols
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had to change radically
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there would be two pokes in the vatican
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for the first time ever
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well i mean obviously if you are
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specialized in covering the vatican you
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can't miss the point that these are
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monumentally amazing days that we're
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living through you know i mean when you
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cover an institution that has more than
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two thousand years of history you don't
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get a chance to use words like uncharted
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water is very on very often but that is
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very much where we are benedict's
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resignation set in motion the most
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ancient ritual
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still cloaked in mystery
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during the two weeks that followed the
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catholic church's most influential
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leaders met in the vatican hall of
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audiences and then in the secret
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to elect a new pope
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the man they chose was like everything
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else in this conclave
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extraordinary
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the identity of the new pope came as a
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total surprise
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he was the first non-european in 1300
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years and the first member of the jesuit
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order to be given such power
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it was a stunning break with the past
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and people would say we'd better have a
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younger pope and so on
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but no this man seemed to have those
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qualities which were recognized and i
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think that was the grace of the holy
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spirit on march the 19th 2013 just five
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weeks after pope benedict had announced
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his resignation
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a new pope was installed as the
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spiritual leader of the world's largest
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organized faith
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this archbishop from far flung argentina
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now pushed the 000 year old institution
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into the modern world
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after pope benedict left office on
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february of the 28th 2013
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ancient church protocols were dusted off
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to prepare for these most mysterious
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speculation was rampant
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and bookmakers took bets on who would
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come out pope
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and irish bookmaker paddy power is
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taking bets on who will be named we
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don't see this as a sinful or anything
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for us it's just entertainment and we
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we've been running a money back special
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in which if the cardinals elected a
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black pope we would refund all losing
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bets so we were putting our neck on the
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line for upwards of a million dollars
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had they elected someone like cardinal
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turkson of ghana um thankfully our
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prayers were answered and uh
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the money back special didn't click
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behind the scenes clerical tailors
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gamarelli were working hard to prepare
09:24 - 09:31
the three papal robes of different sizes
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to fit whichever cardinal was elected
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the company has served the popes once
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powerful princes as well as spiritual
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leaders for 300 years
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serving a king or an emperor is always a
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good thing also because since he chose
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us he's clearly very happy
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clerical clothing was standardized a
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thousand years ago and the gammareli
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family still owns and restores ancient
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the never changes
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the shape of the person can change the
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height or width but the design is always
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it's very nice to see the evolution of
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these priests who come here to get their
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first cassock for their ordination and
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then over time become monsignori bishops
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and sometimes even cardinals
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as the conclave neared the gammareli
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taylors proudly exhibited in their shop
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windows the robes that would soon hang
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in the hall of tears
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awaiting the new leader of the roman
10:38 - 10:42
catholic church
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since the earliest times of christianity
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the pope has been both a political and
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spiritual leader
10:50 - 10:55
when a pope dies the kamelinga removes
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from the deceased pontiff's hand the
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papal sign of office
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the fisherman's ring
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and smashes it along with the seal of
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in 2013 cardinal tachizio bertone was
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the all-powerful vatican secretary of
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state and kamerlengo
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it was he who personally placed the
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seals on the papal apartments
11:18 - 11:25
fabrizio mastrofini is a journalist at
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vatican radio and keen vatican watcher
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the seals were placed on the papal
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apartments on the third floor of the
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apostolic palace but not at castel
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gandolfo because the pope emeritus
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benedict the 16th
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went to stay at castelgandolfo
11:39 - 11:44
benedict's resignation would be the
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first of many departures from tradition
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in the coming weeks
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we've already had one massive shock i
11:48 - 11:52
mean nobody saw benedict the 16th
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resignation coming we now live in a
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world in which everything seems a little
11:54 - 12:00
more possible the tradition of electing
11:57 - 12:03
a pope goes back to the very origins of
12:00 - 12:05
christianity in the roman empire
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shutting away cardinals to elect a pope
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secretly is a consequence of a thousand
12:08 - 12:14
years of power struggles between
12:10 - 12:17
political and spiritual leaders
12:14 - 12:20
the first christian missionary to rome
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was saint peter the apostle
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for 300 years the christians in rome
12:22 - 12:27
remained united under a local leader
12:24 - 12:30
elected by his followers
12:27 - 12:33
in 313 emperor constantine legalized
12:30 - 12:37
christianity and the bishops of rome
12:33 - 12:37
gained political power
12:37 - 12:42
the church survived the fall of the
12:39 - 12:45
roman empire and in the centuries that
12:42 - 12:47
followed the popes became cultural and
12:45 - 12:50
political powerhouses
12:47 - 12:54
as god's representatives on earth
12:50 - 12:54
popes could make or break kingdoms and
12:57 - 13:03
having a pope who could confer divine
13:00 - 13:06
authority on kings and emperors was
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vital to medieval society
13:06 - 13:10
in order to avoid outside influence
13:08 - 13:13
during the election
13:10 - 13:15
cardinals would be physically isolated
13:13 - 13:18
sometimes even locked up
13:15 - 13:20
hence the word conclave from the latin
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elections were held wherever a pope died
13:27 - 13:33
and five times they took place in
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perugia a city close to rome
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it was here that a divided college of
13:35 - 13:42
cardinals elected an obscure and saintly
13:38 - 13:45
monk to become pope
13:42 - 13:47
in perugia in a perugian conclave in
13:47 - 13:53
the hermit pietro moroney of isernia
13:50 - 13:55
isernia was where he was born
13:53 - 13:58
was elected pope and he took the name
13:55 - 13:58
celestine the fifth
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ruled only five months before resigning
14:08 - 14:19
the next two popes died violent deaths
14:13 - 14:19
benedict x was poisoned here in perugia
14:23 - 14:28
perugia had a bad reputation for this
14:25 - 14:30
because they would often use a poison
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lead acetate called
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perugia water which was anything but
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perugia's ancient cathedral still holds
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artifacts of the conclaves
14:45 - 14:51
including a mass grave containing the
14:48 - 14:52
remains of five popes
14:51 - 14:54
and this throne
14:52 - 14:56
designed to resemble the folding stool
14:54 - 14:58
of roman generals
14:58 - 15:03
the last conclave held here brought
15:00 - 15:05
disaster to the church
15:03 - 15:11
the new pope was french and moved the
15:05 - 15:11
holy see to avignon in france
15:14 - 15:19
today cardinals come from all over the
15:17 - 15:23
world and represent a global faith with
15:19 - 15:26
its 1.2 billion members
15:23 - 15:29
but for 2 000 years they were mostly
15:26 - 15:31
italians who acted as the closest aides
15:29 - 15:34
to the bishop of rome
15:31 - 15:36
today the church's global reach is
15:34 - 15:39
paired with the ancient traditions of
15:36 - 15:42
the past when each cardinal is asked to
15:39 - 15:45
preside over a local church in rome the
15:42 - 15:46
reason why you're an elector
15:45 - 15:47
is because you're a parish priest in
15:47 - 15:51
in the old church
15:49 - 15:52
in the ancient church the
15:52 - 15:56
the bishop of rome was elected
15:54 - 15:58
by the parish priests and so that custom
15:56 - 16:00
continues that when you're made a
15:58 - 16:02
cardinal you're given a church in rome
16:00 - 16:05
to be the titular parish priest and so
16:02 - 16:08
there's a sense in which the first
16:05 - 16:10
aim of the cardinals it's not we're
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electing a pope yeah but we're electing
16:10 - 16:14
the bishop of rome
16:12 - 16:16
it is only rare that the cardinals from
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across the globe return to the church
16:16 - 16:23
they have been assigned to in rome
16:19 - 16:26
but on march the 10th 2013 the cardinals
16:23 - 16:27
exceptionally said masses in these
16:27 - 16:32
offering a rare public glimpse of the
16:29 - 16:36
men who were about to disappear into the
16:32 - 16:40
sistine chapel to elect a pope
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the number of cardinals has grown from
16:44 - 16:52
just a handful in the middle ages to 180
16:48 - 16:56
today with a limit of 120 electors who
16:52 - 16:56
have to be under 80 years of age
16:57 - 17:02
these ancient engravings show the whole
17:00 - 17:05
process of papal election from the
17:02 - 17:06
passing of the pope to the election of a
17:06 - 17:12
the cardinals were required to sleep in
17:08 - 17:15
cubicles close to the conclave hall
17:12 - 17:20
until pope john paul ii had a hostel
17:15 - 17:20
built for them inside the vatican walls
17:20 - 17:27
as cardinals gathered in rome the church
17:24 - 17:29
faced its worst crisis in decades and
17:27 - 17:33
had to address huge problems
17:29 - 17:35
including pedophilia the vatican bank
17:33 - 17:38
and infighting within the vatican
17:35 - 17:39
government known as the courier
17:39 - 17:43
the congregations they called the
17:41 - 17:44
meetings that took place at the card was
17:43 - 17:46
all the cargos
17:44 - 17:48
for nearly a week
17:46 - 17:49
every morning we were speaking and cars
17:48 - 17:52
were speaking very openly
17:49 - 17:54
very honestly about what they the the
17:52 - 17:56
the challenges facing the church but the
17:54 - 17:59
politics needed the new pope
17:56 - 18:02
the north american delegation called for
17:59 - 18:05
greater transparency and began holding
18:02 - 18:07
daily press briefings
18:05 - 18:09
and our bishops are expected not merely
18:07 - 18:11
to do tv and printed reviews but to be
18:09 - 18:13
on twitter and to be on facebook and to
18:11 - 18:14
be sort of ubiquitous i mean there's a
18:13 - 18:16
sense in which they're not only
18:14 - 18:18
shepherds of souls but they're media
18:16 - 18:19
celebrities they are the national
18:18 - 18:21
bishops conference that has
18:19 - 18:24
been done the best job of making their
18:21 - 18:25
cardinals available to the press they're
18:24 - 18:27
organizing briefings here at the north
18:25 - 18:30
american college to sort of feed the
18:27 - 18:32
beast the church hierarchy wanted only
18:30 - 18:35
the vatican's official spokesman to
18:32 - 18:37
deliver information to the outside world
18:35 - 18:39
and the north american cardinals were
18:37 - 18:41
forced to stop
18:39 - 18:44
it seemed the vatican apparatus was
18:41 - 18:47
taking a step backwards towards the
18:47 - 18:51
the need emerged for there to be better
18:49 - 18:53
communications between the holy see that
18:51 - 18:57
is to say the church in rome and the
18:53 - 18:57
cardinals out of rome
18:58 - 19:04
the anti-pedophilia pressure group snap
19:01 - 19:07
issued a list of 12 cardinals they
19:04 - 19:09
called the dirty dozen whom they opposed
19:07 - 19:12
as potential popes due to what the group
19:09 - 19:13
claimed was their ambiguous attitude
19:12 - 19:14
towards abuse
19:13 - 19:16
we've looked at some of the track
19:14 - 19:18
records and there's certainly some who
19:16 - 19:20
we're very very
19:18 - 19:22
worried about i think it's critical to
19:20 - 19:25
the cardinals that whoever they pick
19:22 - 19:27
have clean hands that is not be carrying
19:25 - 19:29
any baggage from the sex abuse scandal
19:27 - 19:31
because they know that if they're going
19:29 - 19:33
to turn a corner the last thing they
19:31 - 19:35
want is for the day one story about the
19:33 - 19:39
new pope to be
19:35 - 19:40
cloud of sex abuse hangs over rome
19:39 - 19:43
the question was
19:40 - 19:47
who best was suited to carry out the
19:43 - 19:47
massive reforms needed
19:47 - 19:53
there is always talk of the profile of
19:50 - 19:55
the next pope and whoever he is will
19:53 - 19:57
always be a surprise
19:55 - 20:00
the person elected and the profile that
19:57 - 20:05
he will have during his pontificate
20:00 - 20:05
can simply not be imagined beforehand
20:11 - 20:16
the problem of who will be the next holy
20:13 - 20:19
father isn't a geographical issue
20:16 - 20:23
for example and i've said this many
20:19 - 20:23
times peter wasn't roman
20:24 - 20:28
many hoped the conclave would not drag
20:30 - 20:34
if the conclave were to last a long time
20:32 - 20:36
it would give a bad impression and cause
20:34 - 20:39
even greater confusion
20:36 - 20:41
it had been 35 years since an italian
20:39 - 20:43
had been pope
20:41 - 20:46
many thought that an italian cardinal
20:43 - 20:50
might be chosen and archbishop of milan
20:46 - 20:53
angelo scala was the front runner
20:50 - 20:57
african cardinals such as caden larenzi
20:53 - 20:59
of nigeria also had a high profile
20:57 - 21:01
some thought it was time for a north
21:01 - 21:06
latin america however is the world's
21:04 - 21:09
most catholic continent
21:06 - 21:11
in latin america yes of course it's 44
21:11 - 21:18
the of the catholics in the world but at
21:13 - 21:20
the same time latin america is
21:18 - 21:25
the continent where
21:20 - 21:25
we have the largest social gaps
21:27 - 21:32
the growing diversity of the roman
21:29 - 21:36
catholic church would prove a key factor
21:32 - 21:36
in the upcoming papal election
21:40 - 21:46
the sistine chapel was carefully being
21:43 - 21:49
readied to host the 115 cardinals who
21:46 - 21:52
would choose the next pope
21:49 - 21:53
amidst the breathtaking frescoes by
21:52 - 21:56
michelangelo
21:53 - 21:58
the ancient chapel was being transformed
21:56 - 22:00
into a magnificent stage
21:58 - 22:04
for the dramatic election of one of the
22:00 - 22:04
most powerful men in the world
22:06 - 22:10
there is a careful preparation of the
22:08 - 22:13
floor of the sistine chapel because the
22:10 - 22:16
sistine chapel has an uneven floor since
22:13 - 22:17
it is a chapel a church to all intents
22:16 - 22:20
and purposes
22:17 - 22:22
so the floor is leveled out a false
22:20 - 22:27
floor is created to make it even so as
22:22 - 22:27
not to create problems for the cardinals
22:27 - 22:33
other items have to be prepared too
22:30 - 22:35
the stove that burns the ballots is one
22:33 - 22:38
of the most important physical items in
22:35 - 22:40
the whole conclave
22:38 - 22:42
it is connected by a series of copper
22:40 - 22:44
tubes to the legendary chimney that
22:42 - 22:46
protrudes from the roof of the sistine
22:46 - 22:50
it is here that the voting cards are
22:48 - 22:53
burned with a chemical mixture that
22:50 - 22:55
gives off black smoke when there is no
22:53 - 22:56
two-thirds majority
22:56 - 23:03
white smoke when a pope has been elected
23:00 - 23:05
although with 60 cardinals the europeans
23:03 - 23:08
were proportionally the largest group
23:05 - 23:11
a 20-strong delegation from the united
23:08 - 23:13
states and 13 from latin america seemed
23:11 - 23:17
to change the balance of cultural
23:13 - 23:17
interests within the voting body
23:20 - 23:26
on march the 12th 2013
23:23 - 23:28
the college of all the 180 cardinals
23:26 - 23:29
held an elaborate mass in saint peter's
23:29 - 23:34
and prayed with faithful from all over
23:32 - 23:37
the world for the election of the new
23:37 - 23:42
115 cardinals then made their way to the
23:40 - 23:46
nearby sistine chapel where they would
23:42 - 23:48
vote four times a day until they agreed
23:46 - 23:51
on one man to rule over the roman
23:48 - 23:51
catholic church
23:53 - 23:57
the conclave ritual has developed over
23:55 - 24:00
the millennia
23:57 - 24:02
for centuries cardinals have sworn to
24:00 - 24:05
keep what happens inside
24:05 - 24:08
once the cardinals had taken the oath of
24:08 - 24:13
the master of ceremonies ordered
24:16 - 24:22
the doors were closed
24:19 - 24:26
outside in saint peter's square
24:22 - 24:26
excitement hung in the air
24:28 - 24:30
they are sitting on their chairs which
24:30 - 24:36
narrow they have to write the name of
24:33 - 24:38
the person they have chosen
24:36 - 24:41
and then in a pre-established order they
24:38 - 24:46
have to walk all the way down the chapel
24:41 - 24:49
and deposit the card in the voting room
24:46 - 24:51
the voting rules require a two-thirds
24:49 - 24:53
majority of electors to decide on one
24:53 - 25:00
the winning candidate needed 77 votes
24:57 - 25:01
everything about it is is is dramatic
25:00 - 25:03
first of all
25:01 - 25:06
the the the system chapel
25:03 - 25:08
which you you don't always see in such
25:06 - 25:10
detail in the sense you've got plenty of
25:08 - 25:12
time to look around and
25:12 - 25:16
michelangelo's
25:14 - 25:18
painting stress goes from
25:16 - 25:20
from adam and eve to the last judgment
25:18 - 25:22
it's simply stunning you're in
25:20 - 25:24
liturgical guard because it's a liturgy
25:22 - 25:25
it's choreographed
25:24 - 25:27
uh the there's little difference as you
25:25 - 25:28
can imagine if you know the difference
25:27 - 25:30
between the personality of cardinal
25:28 - 25:33
ratzinger and the personality of
25:30 - 25:36
cardinal ray but the script is the same
25:33 - 25:38
for two days the cardinals prayed and
25:36 - 25:41
voted in the sistine chapel
25:38 - 25:43
breaking only for lunch and dinner when
25:41 - 25:46
they were transported by bus from the
25:43 - 25:48
chapel to their hostel along this route
25:46 - 25:49
around the back of saint peter's
25:50 - 25:57
they were assisted by a number of lay
25:52 - 25:57
personnel who were also sworn to secrecy
25:58 - 26:03
outside in saint peter's square there
26:00 - 26:07
were church groups associations and
26:03 - 26:07
pilgrims from around the world
26:07 - 26:13
as the ballots came and went the square
26:10 - 26:17
filled up with the curious and the
26:13 - 26:17
faithful waiting for a sign
26:18 - 26:23
put dennis robin in a pokemobile so
26:20 - 26:25
we've we've built an exact replica of
26:23 - 26:26
benedict's pope mobile
26:25 - 26:28
and we've been parading him around uh
26:26 - 26:30
saint peter's
26:28 - 26:33
the first two ballots in the afternoon
26:30 - 26:35
of the 12th produced only dark black
26:35 - 26:40
the next two ballots on the morning of
26:37 - 26:42
the 13th also signaled that no pope had
26:40 - 26:45
been elected
26:42 - 26:48
speculation was rampant about what power
26:45 - 26:50
struggles might be unfolding inside
26:48 - 26:53
it's a very prayerful time for all of us
26:50 - 26:55
it's a quiet time you pray and you vote
26:53 - 26:56
you pray and you vote basically you can
26:55 - 26:57
talk quietly if you want to the people
26:56 - 26:59
next year but they're always the same
26:57 - 27:00
people because you're seated in order of
26:59 - 27:02
precedence next to me on my left is
27:00 - 27:04
always the archbishop of
27:02 - 27:06
mexico city next to him the archbishop
27:04 - 27:07
of vienna and over on this side well
27:06 - 27:09
the cardinal who used to be the
27:07 - 27:11
artificial blackvue in the ukraine has
27:09 - 27:13
died so i have another polish cardinal
27:11 - 27:16
now next to me the voting system is
27:13 - 27:19
laborious and antiquated but has always
27:16 - 27:22
worked having guaranteed the election of
27:22 - 27:26
there are four ballots per day
27:25 - 27:28
two in the morning and two in the
27:28 - 27:32
after each of the two sessions the
27:30 - 27:36
ballot papers are
27:32 - 27:38
burned the key officials chosen by lot
27:36 - 27:41
from the 115 cardinals
27:38 - 27:44
are the three scrutineers who count the
27:41 - 27:46
votes when a ballot begins each cardinal
27:44 - 27:49
is given a number of cards with the
27:51 - 27:55
and a space at the bottom to write in
27:53 - 27:57
their candidate
27:55 - 27:59
one by one they swear to have voted
27:57 - 28:02
according to conscience as they placed
27:59 - 28:04
the card on a plate covering the voting
28:02 - 28:07
urn and then tip it in
28:04 - 28:09
there and you say before god i believe
28:07 - 28:11
this man is the
28:09 - 28:13
the man i would choose for to be the
28:11 - 28:15
next permanent put you
28:13 - 28:18
and then you walk back that takes about
28:15 - 28:20
20 minutes before they all have done it
28:18 - 28:22
so you go back to your seat and you
28:20 - 28:23
you pray or you talk to your neighbors
28:24 - 28:27
you examine your own motives am i doing
28:27 - 28:30
for self-interest am i doing it just for
28:29 - 28:32
the interest of my own church am i doing
28:30 - 28:33
it for the interest of my own culture or
28:33 - 28:36
or am i doing it because i believe he's
28:34 - 28:38
the best one for the universal church so
28:36 - 28:41
there's an examination of conscience
28:38 - 28:43
even as you vote which is designed to
28:41 - 28:44
set you free
28:44 - 28:49
you also have to ask is he free free to
28:47 - 28:51
govern the universal church
28:49 - 28:54
once voting is complete
28:51 - 28:58
the cards are counted read and votes
28:54 - 29:00
counted by the three scrutineers
28:58 - 29:02
and then the scrutineers
29:00 - 29:04
who are sitting in three cardinals one
29:04 - 29:09
the the the vote and then passes it to
29:06 - 29:13
another and then it's read out and so
29:09 - 29:15
all the 115 votes the candidates who are
29:13 - 29:18
voted for are read out and of course we
29:15 - 29:20
all listen with great ability what's
29:18 - 29:21
happening how many votes did so-and-so
29:22 - 29:25
and then you begin again you have two
29:25 - 29:28
at a time so you try to do it with the
29:28 - 29:33
you can't second guess the lord and just
29:30 - 29:36
you know but uh you try to be open to
29:33 - 29:38
the promptings of the spirit of the lord
29:36 - 29:40
and i i felt that as i you know as you
29:38 - 29:42
watch the votes and you change your own
29:40 - 29:43
votes etc you think is this now where
29:42 - 29:46
i'm supposed to go
29:43 - 29:49
if there is no two-thirds majority then
29:46 - 29:51
the cards are tied together re-counted
29:51 - 29:56
a chemical mixture is added to make the
29:54 - 29:58
smoke turn the blackest black
29:56 - 29:59
so there is no confusion about the
29:59 - 30:04
after the fourth vote
30:02 - 30:07
when one particular cartel was getting
30:04 - 30:10
near the 77 they needed
30:07 - 30:11
well i i've really
30:10 - 30:14
had such a dramatic situation you could
30:11 - 30:16
have heard a pin drop seventy something
30:14 - 30:18
he had to get 77 votes
30:16 - 30:20
and eventually he reached 77 and there
30:21 - 30:25
and then some people started clapping
30:24 - 30:27
but then they had to carry on with the
30:25 - 30:30
voting the cardinals are
30:27 - 30:32
ordinary people and some are smarter
30:30 - 30:34
than others and some are talented in
30:32 - 30:36
other ways but basically it's a pretty
30:34 - 30:38
pedestrian group of people in some ways
30:36 - 30:41
and yet when uh
30:38 - 30:43
the man is chosen and he accepts because
30:41 - 30:45
he's not pope until he accepts all of a
30:43 - 30:46
sudden the relationships shift and you
30:45 - 30:47
see something in him that you didn't see
30:47 - 30:52
this is the moment when an ordinary
30:50 - 30:54
cardinal accepts this extraordinary
30:54 - 30:59
when he gets to choose the name his
30:56 - 31:01
papacy will be remembered by throughout
31:01 - 31:06
the senior carter went up to the then
31:03 - 31:09
carl ratziker and said do you accept
31:06 - 31:11
to become the supreme pontiff of the
31:09 - 31:15
catholic church and he said
31:11 - 31:17
i accept as the will of god
31:15 - 31:19
and then what name do you think
31:17 - 31:22
he said benedict
31:19 - 31:24
and immediately he's pope i mean it is
31:22 - 31:27
there's no ritual there's no
31:24 - 31:29
he is po from that very moment when he
31:27 - 31:31
chose the name francis i i
31:29 - 31:33
was totally surprised because it's not a
31:31 - 31:35
roman name it's an italian name
31:33 - 31:37
but it's not a roman name you know it's
31:35 - 31:39
not gregory and pius and benedict
31:39 - 31:43
that that's my name it's my given name
31:43 - 31:48
i couldn't believe it
31:45 - 31:49
cardinal jorge bergoglio chose the name
31:49 - 31:55
after saint francis of assisi defender
31:52 - 31:59
of the poor and downtrodden
31:55 - 32:02
he is the first pope ever to do so
31:59 - 32:03
after uh that moment when he is elected
32:02 - 32:05
and he comes back
32:03 - 32:08
closes but we all go up and greet him
32:05 - 32:09
one by one and say a few things
32:12 - 32:16
i i spoke in spanish that my yamo fran
32:14 - 32:18
sounds part of me llamo frances tambien
32:16 - 32:20
you know my name is francis too and he
32:18 - 32:22
just laughed and he said i know francis
32:20 - 32:25
jorge and george
32:22 - 32:27
well what for catholics a pope means
32:25 - 32:29
he's not just added on to the churches
32:27 - 32:31
he's actually an integral part of of
32:29 - 32:34
being a catholic's party if you like of
32:31 - 32:36
one's faith because we believe that
32:34 - 32:38
jesus left peter and the apostles to
32:36 - 32:40
continue that teaching and that's what
32:38 - 32:43
happens today the
32:40 - 32:46
peter and the and the bishops uh
32:43 - 32:49
continue that so it took a long time
32:46 - 32:50
and uh it so happened that we ended up
32:50 - 32:54
pope from south america from argentina
32:55 - 33:00
is a well-known cardinal but not a
32:57 - 33:02
cardinal is very active here in rome
33:00 - 33:04
you're very concerned about governing
33:02 - 33:06
buenos aires and being with the poor
33:04 - 33:08
there a secret
33:06 - 33:11
thousand-year-old ritual had just
33:08 - 33:14
produced a new pope
33:11 - 33:17
his name took the world by surprise
33:14 - 33:20
jorge mario bergoglio was the first
33:17 - 33:22
non-european to be elected to lead the
33:20 - 33:24
roman catholic church in more than a
33:22 - 33:26
thousand years
33:24 - 33:28
as he himself said
33:26 - 33:31
his brother cardinals had gone to the
33:28 - 33:33
other side of the world to find a new
33:33 - 33:38
pope francis came from the far-flung
33:35 - 33:40
diocese of buenos aires
33:38 - 33:42
the election process had taken less than
33:45 - 33:50
pope benedictus was looking around
33:48 - 33:52
europe and was
33:50 - 33:55
europe-minded this pope surely is going
33:52 - 33:57
to be latin american minded but then the
33:55 - 34:02
church is going to be latin american
33:57 - 34:04
minded and have the priorities needed in
34:02 - 34:06
latin america and to be spread to the
34:04 - 34:10
rest of the world
34:10 - 34:14
with the election he became the pastor
34:12 - 34:15
of the city of rome
34:14 - 34:17
and would have to install a new
34:17 - 34:23
the task that lay ahead was massive
34:23 - 34:27
the man does not possess the office the
34:25 - 34:29
office possesses the man
34:29 - 34:32
benedict was very clear on this you know
34:30 - 34:34
it's not my job to
34:32 - 34:37
change the teaching it's my job to
34:34 - 34:39
explain it and pass it on
34:37 - 34:40
the first steps of the new pope will be
34:39 - 34:43
the first appointments and then the
34:40 - 34:45
first mass the inaugural mass and here
34:43 - 34:47
too on the basis of what he will say we
34:45 - 34:51
will have some indication of his future
34:47 - 34:53
policies and where he wants to go
34:51 - 34:57
pope francis was now the ruler of the
34:53 - 34:59
tiny vatican city and bishop of rome the
34:57 - 35:02
supreme moral authority in the roman
34:59 - 35:05
catholic world
35:05 - 35:08
non-catholics
35:07 - 35:11
may not believe in everything the pope
35:08 - 35:13
says whatever but they do think that the
35:11 - 35:16
election of a pope is a significant
35:13 - 35:17
event in the in the moral consensus of
35:18 - 35:22
and that what he says they may accept it
35:20 - 35:25
or not but what he says is is important
35:22 - 35:27
somehow he's a moral arbiter he's a man
35:25 - 35:28
of the people
35:28 - 35:33
he doesn't like
35:30 - 35:37
uh should we say all the luxuries or the
35:33 - 35:40
gold that is related with a courier
35:37 - 35:42
he likes to ride the ordinary
35:42 - 35:47
the new pope known for his austere
35:44 - 35:50
lifestyle and simple ways refused to
35:47 - 35:52
live in the lavish papal apartments that
35:50 - 35:53
popes have occupied for more than 150
35:53 - 35:58
instead he preferred a small apartment
35:56 - 36:00
in the sancta mata hostel where the
35:58 - 36:02
cardinals had been lodged during the
36:02 - 36:07
it was just the beginning of what was to
36:05 - 36:10
become a radical new style of church
36:15 - 36:20
on march the 19th 2013 in an
36:18 - 36:22
inauguration ceremony beamed to screens
36:20 - 36:24
the world over
36:22 - 36:26
pope francis celebrated his very first
36:26 - 36:31
the symbology of the ceremony was
36:28 - 36:32
already a clear sign of the pope's new
36:34 - 36:39
by receiving a new fisherman's ring he
36:37 - 36:42
became the 266th
36:39 - 36:44
pope and bishop of rome
36:42 - 36:47
his simple robes marked a radical
36:44 - 36:49
departure from his predecessor's archaic
36:47 - 36:50
elaborate appearance
36:50 - 36:56
the papal tiara which once represented
36:53 - 37:00
the pope's triple authority as supreme
36:56 - 37:02
pontiff vicar of christ and ruler of men
37:00 - 37:05
had been abandoned by pope paul vi in
37:05 - 37:12
the new pope's simplicity was to set the
37:08 - 37:15
tone for a new era in the vatican
37:12 - 37:18
he said the church should go back to the
37:15 - 37:21
people and the poor
37:18 - 37:24
and he's been showing that he won't use
37:21 - 37:26
those red shoes he's still
37:24 - 37:29
you know stepping on his
37:26 - 37:29
old worn out shoes
37:31 - 37:37
he chose that name francis
37:34 - 37:38
for the first time ever now two popes
37:37 - 37:40
lived in the vatican
37:40 - 37:45
on the 2nd of may 2013
37:42 - 37:48
the pope emeritus benedict returned to
37:45 - 37:50
the vatican from castel gandolfo
37:48 - 37:53
and took up residence in the convent
37:50 - 37:54
mate ecclesiae
37:53 - 37:56
he handed the secret report on
37:54 - 37:59
corruption in the vatican to his
37:56 - 38:01
successor as promised
37:59 - 38:03
but benedict's a very intelligent wise
38:01 - 38:05
man he won't try and influence his
38:03 - 38:07
successor and this man certainly will
38:05 - 38:08
not be influenced in that way
38:07 - 38:11
although the two popes were dressed
38:08 - 38:13
similarly there was one almost
38:11 - 38:15
imperceptible difference between their
38:15 - 38:18
emeritus pope benedict will be allowed
38:17 - 38:20
to wear white but without the little
38:18 - 38:22
cloak that covers the pope's shoulders
38:20 - 38:26
which is a sign of being a bishop in
38:22 - 38:29
this case the bishop of rome
38:26 - 38:31
unlike his predecessor benedict xvi
38:29 - 38:34
pope francis seems uncomfortable with
38:31 - 38:36
the ornate and ceremonial trappings of
38:34 - 38:38
vatican life
38:36 - 38:40
a far cry from his humble immigrant
38:38 - 38:43
upbringing and the approachable
38:40 - 38:47
down-to-earth style he was used to in
38:43 - 38:47
his native buenos aires
38:50 - 38:55
pope francis established an open and
38:53 - 38:57
simple style of leadership at the roman
38:55 - 39:00
catholic church right from the day of
38:57 - 39:00
his inauguration
39:06 - 39:10
i think it is very positive
39:10 - 39:15
pope francis is 76 year old he's not an
39:15 - 39:20
he's a man that has a lot of experience
39:18 - 39:23
and has looked
39:20 - 39:25
the last 10 10 years of what has been
39:23 - 39:26
going on with the vatican with the
39:26 - 39:31
strong calls from several quarters to
39:29 - 39:33
reform the inner workings of the
39:31 - 39:36
government of the holy see will
39:33 - 39:37
undoubtedly lead to change
39:36 - 39:40
if he reminds us all that the church is
39:37 - 39:42
catholic universal and that the poor are
39:40 - 39:44
the first in the kingdom of god
39:42 - 39:46
and then he does
39:44 - 39:49
the necessary
39:46 - 39:51
moves to assure that the governance of
39:49 - 39:52
the church is more efficient and is more
39:52 - 39:58
that level out of impact
39:56 - 40:01
pope francis responded to criticism of
39:58 - 40:04
the courier by calling eight cardinals
40:01 - 40:06
to rome and setting up a commission to
40:04 - 40:09
study the reforms
40:06 - 40:10
among them cardinal o'malley archbishop
40:10 - 40:17
and cardinal vettel president of the
40:13 - 40:17
vatican city state governorate
40:19 - 40:24
the new pope is free to do what he wants
40:22 - 40:26
but he is morally bound to follow the
40:24 - 40:27
indications of the other cardinals
40:26 - 40:30
expressed during the congregation of
40:32 - 40:36
jorge mario bergoglio is a
40:34 - 40:39
traditionalist he has been against
40:39 - 40:45
gay marriage
40:41 - 40:47
against euthanasia but on the other hand
40:48 - 40:53
shall we say progressive
40:50 - 40:56
and the way he addresses uh
40:53 - 40:57
what the shirt the church should do
40:58 - 41:03
in the day-to-day fields or basis
41:03 - 41:07
because the jesuits have a tradition of
41:05 - 41:08
being obedient towards the church and
41:07 - 41:10
towards the pope
41:08 - 41:12
not of taking a role of responsibility
41:10 - 41:14
to themselves this is the characteristic
41:12 - 41:17
of the society of jesus that has made
41:14 - 41:20
the choice of a jesuit pope impossible
41:23 - 41:28
his mission as the leader of the roman
41:25 - 41:30
catholic church appears more focused on
41:28 - 41:31
representing people from all economic
41:31 - 41:35
especially in latin america
41:35 - 41:40
pope francis is talking about
41:41 - 41:46
re-evangelizing the the catholics
41:46 - 41:53
forgotten the basics
41:49 - 41:55
of what catholicism is
41:55 - 41:59
300 million roman catholics live in
41:58 - 42:02
latin america
41:59 - 42:04
it is a continent that is also marked by
42:02 - 42:06
rapid social change
42:04 - 42:13
and extensive poverty
42:13 - 42:17
if you go to the provinces
42:17 - 42:22
mesopotamia in the northeast or to the
42:22 - 42:28
where you get all the inca
42:33 - 42:37
tribes then you can see this
42:36 - 42:39
should we say
42:43 - 42:49
being a catholic and and you get
42:49 - 42:54
indigenous traditions
42:51 - 42:56
intermingling with uh
42:54 - 43:01
with with a classical
42:56 - 43:01
way of of being a catholic
43:04 - 43:08
the vatican the smallest sovereign state
43:07 - 43:10
in the world
43:08 - 43:12
is the beating heart of the roman
43:10 - 43:15
catholic church
43:12 - 43:16
if the first months of this papacy are
43:16 - 43:21
the enthusiasm of latin american
43:18 - 43:24
catholics and the common touch of pope
43:21 - 43:28
francis has quickened its pulse and
43:24 - 43:28
hastened the pace of change
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