00:09 - 00:14
hey what is up guys and welcome back so
00:12 - 00:16
in this video is the beginning of
00:14 - 00:18
showing you how to build your own flight
00:16 - 00:21
controller as well as customize it and
00:18 - 00:23
design your own PCB for your own custom
00:21 - 00:24
flight controller but before we begin we
00:23 - 00:27
need to start step by step and the first
00:24 - 00:29
step is the anatomy of the f-4 flight
00:27 - 00:31
controller what components are a must
00:29 - 00:32
have in order to have a working flight
00:31 - 00:35
controller and what are the extra
00:32 - 00:37
features you can add if you ever wanted
00:35 - 00:39
to so let's get started alright so
00:37 - 00:41
before continuing on a huge shout-out to
00:39 - 00:43
our sponsor PC VA for sponsoring our
00:41 - 00:44
open hardware flight controller this is
00:43 - 00:46
a great place to have your PCB
00:44 - 00:48
manufactured as well as assembled with
00:46 - 00:50
great quality and fast service they also
00:48 - 00:52
provided 24 hour Express service if you
00:50 - 00:54
are in a hurry and want your project in
00:52 - 00:56
your hands as soon as possible you can
00:54 - 00:58
also check their shared project page if
00:56 - 00:59
you're looking for some fun DIY kids
00:58 - 01:02
contributed by other users and they also
00:59 - 01:03
hold a lot of events and some PCB
01:02 - 01:05
contents which you could actually win
01:03 - 01:07
cash prizes for I do highly recommend
01:05 - 01:10
you check out PCB Way and to check out
01:07 - 01:11
PCB you a check the links down below so
01:10 - 01:14
let's get started the first and main
01:11 - 01:16
component is the micro control unit
01:14 - 01:17
which is the f-4 processor which is this
01:16 - 01:19
little guy right here he does all the
01:17 - 01:21
calculations it does all the controlling
01:19 - 01:23
it does all the inputs it takes all the
01:21 - 01:25
inputs from all the other sensors on
01:23 - 01:28
board in order to have a working
01:25 - 01:31
quadcopter with GPS or with whatever the
01:28 - 01:33
gyro 16 mega bit of flash all that crazy
01:31 - 01:35
good stuff but you only need a couple
01:33 - 01:37
components to actually have a working
01:35 - 01:39
flight controller which is pretty
01:37 - 01:41
spectacular and pretty insane so let's
01:39 - 01:43
talk about some of the must-have
01:41 - 01:45
components or the needed components in
01:43 - 01:47
order to have a working f4 flight
01:45 - 01:49
controller now first thing we have the
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micro control unit which is an f4 market
01:49 - 01:53
control unit also known as the processor
01:50 - 01:56
and if the next thing that we will need
01:53 - 01:58
is a gyro now the dryer will allow it to
01:56 - 02:00
know what orientation or how its
01:58 - 02:02
flipping so we can you know correspond
02:00 - 02:04
correctly and then fix whatever issue
02:02 - 02:07
had or the turn you're gonna make or how
02:04 - 02:09
fast you wanted to make and that is due
02:07 - 02:11
from the gyro so what we need is the
02:09 - 02:13
gyro is one of the most important things
02:11 - 02:14
to have on a flight controller next
02:13 - 02:16
thing you want is something called a
02:14 - 02:19
resonator now you will see this if you
02:16 - 02:21
go pick up any f4 flight controller you
02:19 - 02:22
will see this little piece right here it
02:21 - 02:23
doesn't have a hole there's another one
02:22 - 02:25
that car looks
02:23 - 02:26
with a hole that would be a barometer
02:25 - 02:29
but it's this one right here it's 8
02:26 - 02:31
megahertz resonator as you can tell this
02:29 - 02:32
one has it and this one if you take a
02:31 - 02:34
look here you're like oh my god no it
02:32 - 02:36
doesn't have it but if you flip it on
02:34 - 02:37
the backside you'll see it right there
02:36 - 02:39
now don't get it mistaken with this one
02:37 - 02:42
this is a 27 megahertz I think crystal
02:39 - 02:44
or resonator but this one is for the OSD
02:42 - 02:46
which will be in a later video this is a
02:44 - 02:48
more advanced topic but right now we're
02:46 - 02:50
taking a look at the resonator which is
02:48 - 02:51
a very important piece to have which you
02:50 - 02:53
might with your micro control unit so
02:51 - 02:55
it's 8 megahertz resonator and if we
02:53 - 02:57
also take a look here here we have
02:55 - 02:59
another resonator and let me see if I
02:57 - 03:02
can grab another board next to me this
02:59 - 03:03
is the Dowell RC I think f72 - even the
03:02 - 03:05
f7 flight controllers do have the
03:03 - 03:07
resonator and that is a very important
03:05 - 03:10
component to have it's actually a must
03:07 - 03:12
with the gyro alright so those are two
03:10 - 03:16
components gyro resonator what else is
03:12 - 03:18
very important we also need a 3.3 volt
03:16 - 03:21
regulator on board and that is very
03:18 - 03:24
important because the gyro and the
03:21 - 03:25
microcontroller unit take 3.3 volts
03:24 - 03:27
that's why you see 3.3 volt pads on
03:25 - 03:30
almost every flight controller if we
03:27 - 03:33
take a look at my design here's the NCP
03:30 - 03:34
1 1 1 7 3.3 volt regulator now the
03:33 - 03:35
reason why I chose and this is very
03:34 - 03:38
important also take this into
03:35 - 03:41
consideration I chose a linear and L do
03:38 - 03:42
regulator a linear voltage regulator is
03:41 - 03:44
because they're less susceptible to
03:42 - 03:46
noise then a switching regulator keep
03:44 - 03:48
that in mind however they're not as
03:46 - 03:50
efficient as a switching regulator but
03:48 - 03:52
for example if you're gonna be setting
03:50 - 03:55
up an ICM gyro in my opinion best
03:52 - 03:56
practice would be to use an L do to
03:55 - 03:59
reduce the amount of noise going to a
03:56 - 04:01
more sensitive gyro such as the IC M so
03:59 - 04:03
take that into consideration so this is
04:01 - 04:07
the 3.3 volt regulator which is powering
04:03 - 04:09
the F for the gyro and that's it that's
04:07 - 04:11
all it really powers right now and
04:09 - 04:13
whatever else you connected on 3.3 volts
04:11 - 04:16
so that is another important component
04:13 - 04:19
so we have a 3.3 volt regulator the mpu
04:16 - 04:21
6000 gyro resonator and the
04:19 - 04:22
microcontroller unit now there's also
04:21 - 04:23
some other things that are very
04:22 - 04:26
important such as capacitors and
04:23 - 04:28
resistors those are very important to
04:26 - 04:30
have the flight controller operate
04:28 - 04:32
correctly what that does is it
04:30 - 04:35
stabilizes the voltage in order for it
04:32 - 04:36
to keep working without any issues
04:35 - 04:38
without losing power and you know
04:36 - 04:41
rebooting and all these things and this
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is very well documented in the datasheet
04:41 - 04:44
of the microcontroller unit which we
04:42 - 04:46
will take a look in the schematic and
04:44 - 04:49
start making a little bit more sense
04:46 - 04:51
what else is important now we also need
04:49 - 04:54
a USB now what's really nice about the
04:51 - 04:57
USB with the stm32 microcontroller units
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is it doesn't need something doesn't
04:57 - 05:03
need a separate IC for USB to serial
05:00 - 05:06
communication all you need is the USB
05:03 - 05:09
port and it has basically ATX a transmit
05:06 - 05:10
and a received pin on the USB and I'll
05:09 - 05:12
explain that in the schematic and you'll
05:10 - 05:15
get to see it and in order for it to
05:12 - 05:18
initialize the correct protocol to speak
05:15 - 05:21
with the USB it just needs to 22 ohm
05:18 - 05:23
resistors which are those two right
05:21 - 05:25
there so that initializes you know it
05:23 - 05:27
just tells it the speed and how it's
05:25 - 05:29
going to communicate with the usb and
05:27 - 05:31
that's how you able to talk with the
05:29 - 05:33
computer it's not very difficult you
05:31 - 05:34
don't need to know much just read the
05:33 - 05:36
datasheet and then it's just right there
05:34 - 05:37
- 2200 M resistors and that's it you're
05:37 - 05:40
and you'll see those 222 ohm resistors
05:39 - 05:43
on everything here we have it here
05:40 - 05:46
and if we also take a look here we have
05:43 - 05:48
it here also so it's just it's really
05:46 - 05:51
that simple it's all you need - 22 ohm
05:48 - 05:53
resistors a USB here and then we'll get
05:51 - 05:55
into where the pins go and in later
05:53 - 05:57
video in the schematic video however I
05:55 - 05:59
will take this into the schematic right
05:57 - 06:01
now and we can just take a further look
05:59 - 06:04
inside to seeing how these things are
06:01 - 06:06
kind of connected so and again the most
06:04 - 06:08
important components of a flight
06:06 - 06:12
controller is a gyro microcontroller
06:08 - 06:15
unit resonator and a 3.3 volt regulator
06:12 - 06:17
and also some capacitors and some
06:15 - 06:20
resistors as well as the USB and
06:17 - 06:22
possibly a boot button but the boot burn
06:20 - 06:24
could be easily done if just bridging
06:22 - 06:26
the two pads here because that's all
06:24 - 06:29
that button really does well that is the
06:26 - 06:31
basic anatomy of any f4 and even f7
06:29 - 06:33
flight controller this is how they
06:31 - 06:35
operate on and this is what the first
06:33 - 06:37
open hardware flight controller beta is
06:35 - 06:40
actually doing here it's just taking the
06:37 - 06:42
absolute minimum now you might say well
06:40 - 06:44
I want the 5 volt regulator that is an
06:42 - 06:46
extra feature I want a 9 volt regulator
06:44 - 06:48
that is also an extra feature I want
06:46 - 06:50
dual gyros also an extra feature which
06:48 - 06:53
we'll be covering in a later video
06:50 - 06:55
Oh SD obviously is also important which
06:53 - 06:57
will also it's also another extra
06:55 - 06:59
feature which will be added in the later
06:57 - 07:00
video and for example if you wanted one
06:59 - 07:03
megabyte of flash or sixteen megabyte of
07:00 - 07:06
flash we can grab the ICS and salvage
07:03 - 07:07
them now speaking of salvaging parts now
07:06 - 07:09
the most important thing to salvage from
07:07 - 07:11
a flight controller is because the kind
07:09 - 07:12
of they're not really expensive but
07:11 - 07:15
they're considered expensive in SMD
07:12 - 07:18
components let's talk about those we
07:15 - 07:22
have the micro control unit the gyro and
07:18 - 07:23
the resonator here those are the most
07:22 - 07:25
expensive pieces where the resonator
07:23 - 07:27
there it is it's right there the
07:25 - 07:29
resonator everything else you can
07:27 - 07:32
basically purchase for 50 cents or less
07:29 - 07:34
which is really nice and for building
07:32 - 07:37
such a flight controller currently what
07:34 - 07:40
I am keeping as the standard and default
07:37 - 07:42
sizes for capacitors and resistors is
07:40 - 07:44
we're gonna take a look right here right
07:42 - 07:48
now for resistors these size is going to
07:44 - 07:49
be Oh 400 - and you can get this
07:48 - 07:51
resistor book here I get them from
07:49 - 07:54
banggood for example as you can as you
07:51 - 07:57
saw here we needed two 22 ohm resistors
07:54 - 08:01
for the USB right here so all I have to
07:57 - 08:03
do is go through my book here and find a
08:01 - 08:05
22 ohm resistor and then just take it
08:03 - 08:07
out so if we take a look here here a
08:05 - 08:09
hundred-twenty resistor here's the two
08:07 - 08:11
tears the 22 ohm resistor we pull this
08:09 - 08:13
out and if you take a closer look are to
08:11 - 08:14
use - to build my first flight
08:13 - 08:16
controller and we will have a build
08:14 - 08:18
video that's very soon and though it's
08:16 - 08:20
just very easy you just put solder paste
08:18 - 08:21
on it and then just place them into
08:20 - 08:23
place and then just heat it up in which
08:21 - 08:24
I'll show you in a later video so this
08:23 - 08:26
is a must-have this will build you a ton
08:24 - 08:28
load of flight controllers and it's a
08:26 - 08:29
very cheap book and get it from the USA
08:28 - 08:32
warehouse from banggood all have it
08:29 - 08:34
linked down below zero 402 here now if
08:32 - 08:36
this is too small for you I'll show you
08:34 - 08:38
how to change the sizes in the PCB
08:36 - 08:41
design once - we once we get to that
08:38 - 08:43
level and you can do as you please with
08:41 - 08:46
the size of resistors and capacitors now
08:43 - 08:48
this is the capacitor book here and the
08:46 - 08:51
size that I'm sticking to is o 805
08:48 - 08:53
currently this way it's just a lot
08:51 - 08:56
easier and it's a lot cheaper so this is
08:53 - 08:58
the o 805 capacitor book here they're
08:56 - 08:59
slightly larger and it makes it just a
08:58 - 09:00
little bit easier as you can tell here
09:00 - 09:06
there it is these are the o 805 size
09:04 - 09:07
Pasteur's and those are what are going
09:06 - 09:09
to be used now if you're saying well how
09:07 - 09:10
do I know what goes where well it's
09:09 - 09:13
gonna be very simple there's something
09:10 - 09:15
called the Bill of material list which
09:13 - 09:17
is an excel attached to my flight
09:15 - 09:18
controller and that tells you what each
09:17 - 09:20
component and where it goes so for
09:18 - 09:23
example here's a 10 micro farad
09:20 - 09:25
capacitor that would go to C 16 V I can
09:23 - 09:28
see 17 V right now I use this kind of
09:25 - 09:29
naming scheme so you so anyone who's new
09:28 - 09:31
to this can understand where this is
09:29 - 09:33
gonna go so here's the V reg right there
09:31 - 09:36
so this is C 16 V reg so we're gonna put
09:33 - 09:40
a 10 microfarad low E sorry my 10 micro
09:36 - 09:41
farad ceramic yes our ceramic capacitor
09:40 - 09:44
sorry about that so we just find a 10
09:41 - 09:46
micro farad capacitor from here and
09:44 - 09:47
stick it into that place so it's very
09:46 - 09:49
easy you do have basically an
09:47 - 09:51
instruction manual they'll tell you what
09:49 - 09:54
goes where for example like I told you
09:51 - 09:55
the USB we used at 222 ohm resistor so
09:54 - 09:58
here's the - here's a 22 ohm resistor
09:55 - 10:01
and it's going to our three USB and our
09:58 - 10:03
6 R's usually means resistor see is
10:01 - 10:06
capacitor so c12 is capacitor 12
10:03 - 10:07
underscore G now I set up the G for gyro
10:06 - 10:10
and that'll make a little bit more sense
10:07 - 10:12
later on so here we have our three USB
10:10 - 10:14
and our six USB this is the 22 ohm
10:12 - 10:16
resistor I was talking about that is
10:14 - 10:18
found everywhere here - for the USB
10:16 - 10:19
Denisha lies it's speaking with the
10:18 - 10:21
micro control unit so you can flash it
10:19 - 10:23
program it and everything of that nature
10:21 - 10:25
now there's also another important
10:23 - 10:27
little piece that you can add and you
10:25 - 10:30
can't add what we get into in a later
10:27 - 10:32
video it's basically the Schottky diode
10:30 - 10:34
that will you know block the - 5 volts
10:32 - 10:36
from the external source or the inbuilt
10:34 - 10:39
regulator from the 5 volt coming from
10:36 - 10:40
the usb but you can do is disconnect the
10:39 - 10:42
5 volt from the USB if you didn't want
10:40 - 10:44
to add that and then just power it from
10:42 - 10:47
5 volt and then don't have the 5 volt
10:44 - 10:48
coming in from the USB and just have the
10:47 - 10:50
ground into the circuit this way you
10:48 - 10:53
don't need that Schottky diode you can
10:50 - 10:55
plug it in the USB won't power anything
10:53 - 10:56
but the 5 volt regulator on board will
10:55 - 10:58
need to be powered on this when you can
10:56 - 11:01
program it without having the - 5 volts
10:58 - 11:03
you know make a problem here so you can
11:01 - 11:05
do that as well but I it's really really
11:03 - 11:07
cheap the Schottky diodes about for
11:05 - 11:09
about 4 or 5 C I think they're called
11:07 - 11:11
I'll have them also linked down below
11:09 - 11:12
which you can actually salvage from
11:11 - 11:15
other flight controllers if you just
11:12 - 11:17
figure it out and on my how to fix any
11:15 - 11:18
flight controller video actually show
11:18 - 11:23
mind that that Schottky diode which is
11:21 - 11:25
for this flight controller it's this one
11:23 - 11:27
they usually have three legs one leg
11:25 - 11:28
would be only five volt rail and then
11:27 - 11:31
the other leg would be on the five volt
11:28 - 11:33
of the USB the bottom ones and once you
11:31 - 11:34
find that one then you know it's this
11:33 - 11:36
one because what this does is it takes
11:34 - 11:37
the five volt from the USB five volt
11:36 - 11:39
from the regulator here or an external
11:37 - 11:41
regulator whatever you can check from
11:39 - 11:43
the pads and then it'll output one of
11:41 - 11:45
the five volts to go into the system or
11:43 - 11:47
the 3.3 volt regulator to power lists so
11:45 - 11:50
you don't fry that 3.3 volt regulator it
11:47 - 11:52
just makes it work correctly with to
11:50 - 11:54
five volts a five volt power supplies
11:52 - 11:56
into the flight controller here alright
11:54 - 11:58
so let's go ahead and jump to the
11:56 - 12:00
schematic and then try to make a little
11:58 - 12:01
bit more sense of what we're doing and
12:00 - 12:03
if you still think this is way over your
12:01 - 12:05
head don't worry it's going to get
12:03 - 12:06
easier I still have more episodes
12:05 - 12:08
planned for this playlist so we're gonna
12:06 - 12:10
take it step by step but right now just
12:08 - 12:11
understanding the basic anatomy of a
12:10 - 12:13
flight controller I believe is
12:11 - 12:16
absolutely important so you know what is
12:13 - 12:19
needed in order to make the basic flight
12:16 - 12:20
controller to work and and that's really
12:19 - 12:21
it so let's jump through the schematic
12:20 - 12:23
and we take it from there
12:21 - 12:24
alright guys so right now we're gonna
12:23 - 12:25
take a look at the schematic but I'm not
12:24 - 12:27
gonna dive too deep inside because I
12:25 - 12:29
don't want to lose people and we're
12:27 - 12:30
gonna be taking this step by step in the
12:29 - 12:32
series so we're gonna take a look at the
12:30 - 12:35
most important components to have to
12:32 - 12:36
have an or in order to have a working f4
12:35 - 12:39
flight controller now before continuing
12:36 - 12:41
on guys any support can go an absolute
12:39 - 12:43
long way if you can join my patreon help
12:41 - 12:44
support this mission help support this
12:43 - 12:46
channel that'd be absolutely phenomenal
12:44 - 12:47
and if you can also use the links down
12:46 - 12:49
below before you make a purchase that
12:47 - 12:52
would really really support the channel
12:49 - 12:54
and keep this project afloat so let's
12:52 - 12:56
get started now we said a couple of the
12:54 - 12:58
components that were very important
12:56 - 13:00
where the 3.3 volt regulator the mpu
12:58 - 13:02
6000 gyre and as well as the eight
13:00 - 13:04
megahertz resonator and obviously the
13:02 - 13:05
USB so you can talk to the micro control
13:04 - 13:07
unit flash it and do all those other
13:05 - 13:09
crazy cool stuff let's start with the
13:07 - 13:11
resonator here the resonator here here's
13:09 - 13:13
the eight megahertz resonator that we
13:11 - 13:15
saw on the board that we saw on every
13:13 - 13:17
single f4 and f7 flight controller board
13:15 - 13:19
which on the f4 micro control unit which
13:17 - 13:21
is this thing here what we're looking at
13:19 - 13:22
it's actually in two pieces and the
13:21 - 13:24
reason why it's in two pieces to make
13:22 - 13:26
this schematic look easier so all the
13:24 - 13:28
micro control units power they just drew
13:26 - 13:30
it in a separate part right here so you
13:28 - 13:31
can just put it on the side and you
13:30 - 13:34
don't have to get it all cluttered
13:31 - 13:35
the inputs and outputs that are needed
13:34 - 13:36
on the microcontroller unit so as you
13:35 - 13:38
can tell here we have the eight
13:36 - 13:41
megahertz that with the eight megahertz
13:38 - 13:42
resonator going to pin five and six and
13:41 - 13:43
we can see that end the datasheet and
13:42 - 13:46
again we'll get into that in a later
13:43 - 13:49
video here now if we take a look at the
13:46 - 13:50
MP u 6000 gyro here we don't need much
13:49 - 13:53
all we need basically to connect it to
13:50 - 13:55
the flight controller is SC l SDA and
13:53 - 13:56
this is the dryer SDA this is the way
13:55 - 13:58
that it communicates and this is the
13:56 - 14:00
initialization aswhat initializes the
13:58 - 14:01
gyro and we just have a little power and
14:00 - 14:02
a couple of capacitors now you might say
14:01 - 14:04
how did I know all this well actually
14:02 - 14:08
just from the datasheet this is what it
14:04 - 14:10
recommended a capacitor on reg out which
14:08 - 14:13
is one point one micro farad and then
14:10 - 14:15
also a non VDD we also had a point 1
14:13 - 14:18
micro farad as well as another 1 micro
14:15 - 14:20
farad capacitor here and that's where I
14:18 - 14:21
got them and also on CP out to point to
14:20 - 14:23
900 farad I didn't make this up out of
14:21 - 14:26
nowhere this was actually in the
14:23 - 14:28
datasheet of the MP 6000 gyro which I
14:26 - 14:30
just you know went to according to its
14:28 - 14:31
specifications because that's how these
14:30 - 14:33
things actually work so it's really
14:31 - 14:35
simple and I just had to figure out
14:33 - 14:36
where the gyro was speaking to the
14:35 - 14:38
flight controller and I was able to
14:36 - 14:39
figure that out through the firmware
14:38 - 14:42
source code which we'll get into in
14:39 - 14:44
later video and I'll take this step by
14:42 - 14:46
step each component will have a separate
14:44 - 14:49
video to help teach you understand it as
14:46 - 14:50
easy as possible and even though with
14:49 - 14:52
all this you can still take this whole
14:50 - 14:53
schematic here and make your own flight
14:52 - 14:55
controller with this here this is an
14:53 - 14:57
actual working flight controller which
14:55 - 14:59
is the one that you saw and with one
14:57 - 15:02
button it turns into a PCB which again
14:59 - 15:03
are showing upcoming videos now we also
15:02 - 15:06
have the 3.3 volt regulator you can use
15:03 - 15:08
any 3.3 volt regulator however I chose
15:06 - 15:10
the NCP one one one seven because it's
15:08 - 15:12
cheap l do low voltage drop out and it
15:10 - 15:13
just it's it's better it's more
15:12 - 15:15
resilient against noise you know which
15:13 - 15:16
is something I kind of really wanted in
15:15 - 15:18
a beta I wanted something pretty good
15:16 - 15:20
and they're very cheap they're less than
15:18 - 15:22
50 Cent's which is still kind of
15:20 - 15:25
expensive for LDO but it's a good L do a
15:22 - 15:26
good voltage regulator so this is the
15:25 - 15:28
3.3 volt regulator now if you remember
15:26 - 15:30
when I showed you that Schottky diode
15:28 - 15:32
which is the diode that had the three
15:30 - 15:35
legs which I totally it takes two 5 volt
15:32 - 15:37
inputs so here comes the 5 volt USB
15:35 - 15:39
input to that diet and then the 5 volt
15:37 - 15:41
from was it whether we have an internal
15:39 - 15:41
final regulator or an external 5 volt
15:41 - 15:45
giving 5 volt to the board here and what
15:44 - 15:47
that does is it just
15:45 - 15:49
one to go through and so it just doesn't
15:47 - 15:50
allow them to to criss cross and create
15:49 - 15:52
problems so this way you can power up
15:50 - 15:54
your flight controller through USB and
15:52 - 15:55
have the 5 volt running at the same time
15:54 - 15:57
without having any issues and again
15:55 - 15:59
we'll get into this in more depth in a
15:57 - 16:01
later video we'll get into each little
15:59 - 16:03
component here in a separate video and
16:01 - 16:05
here we also have the S bus inverter
16:03 - 16:07
which I didn't cover and I'm not gonna
16:05 - 16:09
cover just yet this just inverts the S
16:07 - 16:11
bus which we will not need in the f7
16:09 - 16:13
flight controllers but for this we will
16:11 - 16:15
need and again we'll get into that in a
16:13 - 16:18
later video once we get into when in
16:15 - 16:21
depth here now and again here we have
16:18 - 16:22
the 222 ohm resistors for the USB now
16:21 - 16:25
think of this this is basically like a
16:22 - 16:27
UART you know how you have you r-tx your
16:25 - 16:29
here for example you are one T X and you
16:27 - 16:31
are one Rx it's basically a transmit and
16:29 - 16:33
receive data and this is the same thing
16:31 - 16:35
with the USB however the USB port the
16:33 - 16:37
the connector that's on the board has
16:35 - 16:40
actually five one two three four five it
16:37 - 16:42
has five pins ID we will not need ground
16:40 - 16:44
obviously always need ground v bus is
16:42 - 16:47
just the 5 volt coming in from the USB
16:44 - 16:49
so we're gonna need that and then D + +
16:47 - 16:52
D - are the TX and rx and in order for
16:49 - 16:54
the TX and rx of the USB to talk to the
16:52 - 16:56
market control unit you need a 22 M
16:54 - 16:58
resistor on D + on a 22 M resistor on D
16:56 - 16:59
- and then you have your communication
16:58 - 17:01
to USB just fine
16:59 - 17:04
so if you ever break this or rip this
17:01 - 17:05
off you'll know how to talk to the
17:04 - 17:08
microcontroller unit and as you can tell
17:05 - 17:10
here they're just on pin 44 and pin 45
17:08 - 17:13
and for some reason you ripped off the
17:10 - 17:16
222 ohm resistors and the USB you can
17:13 - 17:19
easily find pin 44 45 take a wire out
17:16 - 17:20
put - you know you don't have to use SMD
17:19 - 17:22
22 I'm resistors you can use the big
17:20 - 17:24
resistors you know the through-hole ones
17:22 - 17:26
with the legs and then connect it to an
17:24 - 17:28
external USB of some sort and you can
17:26 - 17:30
just have you can easily talk back to
17:28 - 17:31
the micro control unit if that ever
17:30 - 17:33
happens you know and we'll get into that
17:31 - 17:35
again in a later video and here we have
17:33 - 17:36
the boot button here and the reason we
17:35 - 17:40
use a resistor here is because this
17:36 - 17:41
shorts out the boot to the ground here
17:40 - 17:44
and then this is basically has for
17:41 - 17:45
example this is high it's 5 volt so when
17:44 - 17:47
you ground this it doesn't immediately
17:45 - 17:48
create a short-circuit and that's why
17:47 - 17:50
you put a resistor here so when it
17:48 - 17:52
shorts out it doesn't really make a
17:50 - 17:53
short-circuit but it just sends some
17:52 - 17:55
kind of a pulse is saying okay I just
17:53 - 17:57
got grounded and then that enables it to
17:55 - 17:59
run into bootloader mode which will
17:57 - 18:01
basically DFU mode
17:59 - 18:02
so you can flash your firmware if you
18:01 - 18:04
break the micro control unit or it's a
18:02 - 18:06
brand new fresh micro control unit with
18:04 - 18:08
no firmware on it this is what you will
18:06 - 18:09
need in order to flash it you need to
18:08 - 18:11
hold that button and then plug in the
18:09 - 18:12
USB and then just you know flash it like
18:11 - 18:15
you would do on a new flight controller
18:12 - 18:16
flash the firmware that you want and
18:15 - 18:17
we'll get into the firmware that we're
18:16 - 18:20
gonna need in later video
18:17 - 18:22
and again this is the power pins from
18:20 - 18:23
the micro control unit here and this is
18:22 - 18:25
this did not come out of my head this
18:23 - 18:28
just came out from the data sheets I
18:25 - 18:32
used one two three four five five 100
18:28 - 18:34
nano farad mic capacitors here for the
18:32 - 18:36
voltage of the micro control unit in
18:34 - 18:38
order to keep it running stable and good
18:36 - 18:40
in that perspective and here we have the
18:38 - 18:42
LEDs and this is a resistor to the LED
18:40 - 18:44
and why do we put a resistor before the
18:42 - 18:46
LED because LEDs suck so much
18:44 - 18:47
they're basically suicidal they'll suck
18:46 - 18:49
so much current totally blew themselves
18:47 - 18:51
up and that's why you set up a resistor
18:49 - 18:53
in order to limit the current here so
18:51 - 18:55
they don't basically burn themselves and
18:53 - 18:57
if you can tell here here's a label that
18:55 - 19:00
says LED one and if we take a look here
18:57 - 19:03
we can see that this is a pin 50 foot no
19:00 - 19:05
let me see yeah pin 56 is LED one pin 57
19:03 - 19:07
is LED - so this would actually it's
19:05 - 19:10
kind of like a reference of 56 LED one
19:07 - 19:11
will actually connect down here to LED
19:10 - 19:13
one and the same thing for LED - and
19:11 - 19:15
everything else you kind of see that's
19:13 - 19:18
what it's really doing so you are one Rx
19:15 - 19:19
for example this is SBUs this way you
19:18 - 19:22
would put your s bus and this will make
19:19 - 19:23
more sense once we convert it into a PCB
19:22 - 19:28
and if you want to take a look at the
19:23 - 19:29
PCB here okay so here is the the the PCB
19:28 - 19:32
that we saw in that we actually built
19:29 - 19:34
and this is how it's connected here and
19:32 - 19:36
then here we have our two what are they
19:34 - 19:37
the two 22 ohm resistors for example
19:36 - 19:40
that are initiating they talk with the
19:37 - 19:43
with the USB to the micro control unit
19:40 - 19:44
and overall it's just it's really simple
19:43 - 19:46
it looks kind of complicated right now
19:44 - 19:47
here's the resonator that goes right
19:46 - 19:47
here it's connected to the pins right
19:47 - 19:52
as you can tell that's going through
19:49 - 19:53
right there so there we go and then this
19:52 - 19:55
one is going here and the middle one is
19:53 - 19:57
going to ground here and then that's
19:55 - 19:58
what we also see in the schematic and
19:57 - 20:00
again once we take this step by step
19:58 - 20:03
this will make a lot more sense to you
20:00 - 20:04
so so this is just a quick view over the
20:03 - 20:06
schematic next I'm going to be teaching
20:04 - 20:09
you how to read the schematic and how to
20:06 - 20:11
design your own PCB we're going to take
20:09 - 20:13
it step by step and later on we'll be
20:11 - 20:15
adding OSD reading the datasheet
20:13 - 20:18
the OSD reading these datasheet of the
20:15 - 20:20
ICM gyre they mpu 6000 gyro and seeing
20:18 - 20:22
the basic most basic or absolute minimal
20:20 - 20:24
way to get it going and then later on
20:22 - 20:26
obviously you can work on modifications
20:24 - 20:27
that's currently gonna conclude it for
20:26 - 20:28
this video guys please please let me
20:27 - 20:30
know what you think down in the comment
20:28 - 20:32
section all your likes or your
20:30 - 20:34
subscriptions please even share this
20:32 - 20:36
video the more support I can get the
20:34 - 20:39
better this project will end up becoming
20:36 - 20:42
and I am hoping to in or I'm hoping also
20:39 - 20:43
to start DIY kits and if you guys are
20:42 - 20:45
interested in that also let me know down
20:43 - 20:46
in the comments section which will
20:45 - 20:48
choose one of the best flight
20:46 - 20:50
controllers and then we make it into a
20:48 - 20:51
complete DIY kit with everything with
20:50 - 20:53
some a little bit of extra resistors a
20:51 - 20:54
little bit of extra capacitors just in
20:53 - 20:56
case you lose one or you just want to
20:54 - 20:57
just pops off out of nowhere and that
20:56 - 20:59
usually sometimes happen when you
20:57 - 21:01
graduate the tweezers it will just fly
20:59 - 21:01
off on its own and never to be seen
21:01 - 21:06
so if you guys want to see DIY kids also
21:04 - 21:08
I can get started on some of those and
21:06 - 21:09
you can just have every single component
21:08 - 21:10
ready for you just to start soldering
21:09 - 21:12
and basically build your own fly
21:10 - 21:14
controller and it's a really great way
21:12 - 21:16
to start an SMD components and you'll
21:14 - 21:18
also start to understand how these
21:16 - 21:20
things work and you'll be able to fix
21:18 - 21:21
flight controllers it's not only that
21:20 - 21:22
once you learn how this you can apply
21:21 - 21:25
that same knowledge to just about
21:22 - 21:26
anything else as time goes on it'll
21:25 - 21:29
start making more sense and it will open
21:26 - 21:30
quite a lot of doors for you and it'll
21:29 - 21:32
change your perspective on a lot of
21:30 - 21:34
things in life and well that's it guys I
21:32 - 21:35
really hope you guys enjoyed it and I
21:34 - 21:37
really hope you guys learn something
21:35 - 21:38
today and that's gonna code it for this
21:37 - 21:40
video guys and again any support can go
21:38 - 21:41
an absolute long way and I'll see the
video to article